X-rays are the most common and widely available diagnostic imaging technique. Even if you just complain about a sprain in your wrist or ankle, your physician will likely order an X-ray to make sure no bone is broken.

X-rays are always used for fractures and joint dislocations, and may also be recommended if your physician suspects damage to a bone or joint from other conditions such as arthritis or osteonecrosis (bone cell death).

The part of your body being pictured is positioned between the X-ray machine and photographic film. As you hold still, the machine briefly sends electromagnetic waves (radiation) through your body. This exposes the film, creating a picture of your internal structure.

The level of radiation exposure from X-rays is minimal, but our physicians will take special precautions if you are pregnant.

Bones, tumors and other dense matter appear white or light because they absorb the radiation. Soft tissues and breaks in bone let radiation pass through, making these parts look darker. Sometimes, to make certain organs stand out in the picture, you are asked to drink barium sulfate or be injected with a dye.

Several X-rays from different angles may be needed. If you have a fracture in one limb, your doctor may want a comparison X-ray of your uninjured limb. An X-ray session usually takes 10 to 15 minutes; no specific preparations are required.